While the proportion of the elderly population in the total population was 8.5% in 2017, it increased to 9.9% in 2022. 44.4% of elderly population was males and 55.6% was females in 2022, the Turkish Statistical Institute said.
According to the population projections, the proportion of elderly population was expected to be 12.9% in 2030, 16.3% in 2040, 22.6% in 2060 and 25.6% in 2080.
64.5% of elderly population was in 65-74 age group
When elderly population was examined by age group, it was seen that while 61.6% of the elderly population was in the age group of 65-74, 29.7% of it in the age group of 75-84 and 8.6% in the age of 85 and over in 2017, 64.5% of the elderly population was in the age group of 65-74, 27.7% of it in the age group of 75-84 and 7.9% in the age of 85 and over in 2022.
The number of centenarians which constituted 0.1% of elderly population was 5 thousand 344 in 2022.
Age structure of Türkiye's population was changed
Passing the proportion of 10.0% of the elderly population in the total population is an indicator of the aging population. In Türkiye, the elderly population increased with a rate higher than that of other age groups.
Türkiye is in the process of demographic transition, which is called the global aging process. Türkiye's shape of age structure changed with advances in public health, better living conditions, increases in welfare level and life expectancy along with decreasing rates of fertility and mortality. The proportion of children and youth in the total population decreased, whereas the proportion of elderly people in the total population increased. Even though Türkiye has a young population among countries with older age structure, the absolute number of elderly population is quite high.
Median age of Türkiye's population increased
The median age is the age of the person in the middle when the ages of the all people in the population are sorted from the new-born baby to the oldest. The median age, one of the indicators of aging population, was 31.7 in 2017 and 33.5 in 2022. The median age was 32.8 for males and 34.2 for females in 2022.
According to the population projections, the median age was expected to be 35.6 in 2030, 38.5 in 2040, 42.3 in 2060 and 45.0 in 2080.
Elderly dependency ratio was 14.5% in 2022
Elderly dependency ratio means that the number of elderly persons per hundred persons in working age. While the elderly dependency ratio was 12.6% in 2017, this ratio increased to 14.5% in 2022.
According to the population projections, elderly dependency ratio was expected to be 19.6% in 2030, 25.3% in 2040, 37.5% in 2060 and 43.6% in 2080.
Türkiye was in the 66th rank among 184 countries by the proportion of elderly population
According to the United Nations population estimates, the world population was 7 billion 975 million 105 thousand 156 people and the elderly population was 782 million 998 thousand 642 people in 2022. According to these estimates, 9.8% of the world population was elderly population. The three countries that had highest proportion of elderly population were Japan with 29.9%, Italy with 24.1% and Finland with 23.3%, respectively. Türkiye was in the 66th rank among 184 countries.
Province with the highest proportion of elderly population was Sinop
The province that had the highest proportion of elderly population was Sinop with 20.2% in 2022. This province was followed by Kastamonu with 19.3%, Giresun with 18.0%. The provinces that had the lowest proportion of elderly population was Şırnak with 3.5%. This province was followed by Hakkari with 4.0%, Şanlıurfa with 4.1%.
The number of provinces where the proportion of the elderly population in the total population is 10.0% or more was 52 in 2022.
There were at least one elderly person in about one in 4 households
In Türkiye, 6 million 276 thousand 433 households out of 26 million 75 thousand 365 households consisted of at least one elderly person aged 65 and over in 2022. In other words, at least one elderly person lived in 24.1% of households.
There were 1 million 632 thousand 874 elderly people living alone in Türkiye
In Türkiye, 1 million 632 thousand 874 households out of 6 million 276 thousand 433 households consisted of one elderly person living alone. 74.7% of these households was elderly females and 25.3% was elderly males.
The province with the highest proportion of one-person elderly households was Burdur
The province that had the highest proportion of one-person elderly households in the households with at least one elderly person was Burdur with 35.5% in 2022. This province was followed by Balıkesir with 35.0% and Çanakkale with 34.5%. The provinces that had the lowest proportion of one person elderly households was Hakkari with 7.8%. This province was followed by Batman with 13.5% and Şırnak with 14.7%.
57.2% of households with elderly person resided in buildings with 3 or more floors
It was observed that 57.2% of the households with at least one elderly person resided in buildings with 3 or more floors. While 60.1% of these households resided in buildings without a lift, 39.9% of them resided in buildings with a lift.
Proportion of literate elderly population was 85.6% in 2021
While the proportion of literate elderly population was 80.4% in 2017, it was 85.6% in 2021. While the proportion of illiterate elderly population was 19.6% in 2017, it was 14.4% in 2021. It was seen that the proportion of illiterate elderly female population was about 5.3 times higher than that of elderly male population in 2021. While the proportion of illiterate elderly female population was 22.3%, this proportion was 4.2% for elderly male population.
When elderly population was examined by level of education, it was seen that while 44.5% of elderly population was primary school, 6.0% of them was junior high school or equivalent/primary education, 6.3% of them was high school or equivalent, 6.2% of them was higher education graduates in 2017, these proportions were 46.5% in primary school, 8.5% in junior high school or equivalent/primary education, 8.6% in high school or equivalent and 7.9% in higher education graduates in 2021.
When the level of education of elderly population was examined by sex, it was seen that there was a significant difference between sexes. It was seen that the proportion of the elderly male population was higher than that of female population at all completed levels of education.
Proportion of widowed elderly females was 4.2 times higher than those of males
When elderly population was examined by legal marital status, it was seen that there were significant differences between sexes. While 1.3% of elderly male population was never married, 83.7% of them was formally married, 3.8% of them was divorced and 11.2% of them was widowed, it was seen that 2.8% of elderly female population was never married, 46.1% of them was formally married, 4.2% of them was divorced and 46.9% of them was widowed in 2022.
Poverty rate was 11.4% for elderly population in 2021
According to the results of income and living conditions survey, while poverty rate calculated by using 60% of equalised household disposable median income was 20.1% for Türkiye in 2017, this rate was 21.3% in 2021. While poverty rate for elderly population was 15.5% in 2017, this rate was 11.4% in 2021.
When the poverty of elderly population was examined by sex, it was seen that while the poverty rate for elderly male population was 13.5% in 2017, this rate was 9.9% in 2021. While the poverty rate for elderly female population was 15.5% in 2017, this rate was 12.6% in 2021.
Labour force participation rate was 11.3% for elderly population in 2021
According to the results of household labour force survey, while the labour force participation rate for 15 and over aged population was 52.8% in 2017, this rate was 51.4% in 2021. While the labour force participation rate for elderly population was 12.2% in 2017, this rate was 11.3% in 2021. When the labour force participation rate was examined by sex, it was seen that this rate was 18.6% for elderly male population, and it was 5.4% for elderly female population in 2021. While the unemployment rate of elderly population was 2.2% in 2017, it was 3.0% in 2021.
64.3% of employed elderly population was in agricultural sector in 2021
According to the labor force statistics, when the sectoral distribution of employed elderly population was examined, it was seen that elderly population was employed in agricultural sector with 64.3%, services sector with 27.3%, industry sector with 6.3% and construction sector with 2.1% in 2021.
Elderly people died mostly from diseases of the circulatory system in 2021
According to the death and causes of death statistics, 37.6% of elderly people lost their lives from diseases of the circulatory system in 2021. This was followed by respiratory system diseases with 15.0%, the neoplasms with 12.0%.
When the causes of death were examined by sex, it was seen that the most important difference between sexes was in neoplasms. The proportion of elderly male people died from neoplasms was about twice as high as that of elderly female people. While the proportion of elderly male people died from neoplasms was 15.3%, this proportion was 8.5% for elderly female people.
Proportion of elderly people who died from Alzheimer's disease was 3.0% in 2021
According to the death and causes of death statistics, while the number of elderly people who died from Alzheimer's disease was 13 thousand 642 in 2017, it was 12 thousand 239 in 2021. While the proportion of elderly people who died from Alzheimer's disease was 4.6% in 2017, this proportion became 3.0% in 2021.
When the proportion of elderly people who died from Alzheimer's disease was examined by sex, while the proportion of elderly male people who died from Alzheimer's disease was 2.2%, the proportion of elderly female people 3.8%.
31.6% of the elderly individuals stated that they want to live by receiving home care services
According to the results of family structure survey when the life preferences of individuals aged 15 and over were examined when they are too old to take care of themselves, 30.7% stated that they want to receive home care services, 27.5% want to stay with their children and 15.0% want to go to a nursing home.
When the life preferences of elderly individuals when they are too old to take care of themselves were examined, 46.0% of them stated that they want to stay with their children, 31.6% of them get home care services and 10.3% of them go to a nursing home.
The proportion of elderly individuals being visited several times a week by their children was 55.0%
According to the results of family structure survey when the frequency of visits by the children of individuals elderly persons who do not live in the same house with their children was analyzed; while the proportion of those who were visited several times a week was 55.0%, the proportion of those who were never visited was 1.3%. The proportion of those who were visited once a week was 9.0%, the proportion of those who were visited several times a month was 15.4%, the proportion of those who were visited once a month or less frequently was 19.3%.
Proportion of elderly people who declared themselves as happy was 57.7%
According to the results of life satisfaction survey, while the proportion of individuals aged 18 and over who declared themselves as happy was 49.7% in 2022, this proportion was 57.7% for individuals aged 65 and over. While the rate of elderly individuals neither happy nor unhappy was 28.6%, the rate of elderly people who declared that they were unhappy was 13.7%.
Source of happiness for elderly people was their families with 59.5%
According to the results of life satisfaction survey, sources of happiness for elderly people was their families with 65.8%, their children with 16.5%, their spouses with 7.2% and their grandchildren with 6.4% in 2017. In 2022, sources of happiness for elderly people was their families with 59.5%, their children with 21.7%, their spouses with 7.3% and their grandchildren with 7.0%.
Proportion of elderly people using Internet was 36.6% in 2022
According to the results of information and communication technology usage survey in households and by individuals, while the proportion of elderly people using Internet in the 65-74 age group was 11.3% in 2017, this proportion increased to 36.6% in 2022. When the elderly people using Internet were examined by sex, it was seen that males used Internet more than females. While the proportion of elderly males using Internet was 43.8%, the proportion of elderly females was 30.3% in 2021. (ILKHA)
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