Abdurresid Ibrahim was a Russia-born Tatar Muslim Alim (singular of Ulama), journalist, and traveler who initiated a movement in the first decade of the 20th century to unite the Crimean Tatars.
He visited Japan in Meiji period and became the first imam of Tokyo Camii (Tokyo Mosque).
Abdrashit Gumerovich Ibragimov (born on April 23, 1857, in the Tara town of the Tarski district of the Tobolsk province of the West-Siberian General Government, now the administrative center of the Tarsky district of the Omsk Oblast. His ancestors by language and origin were Turkic peoples.
Abdrashit Ibrahimov attributed himself to the Tatars, and his father Gumer was Siberian Bukharans. His father's grandfather Gabdrashit was the Akhoond of the Tara town, one of the founders of the town's stone mosque. Mother - Gafafa Bin Ibragim Bin Zhagfar (? —1871), teacher for about 40 years, and mother's father Ibragim came from the Bashkirs of the Almenevo, Kurgan Oblast village, in the Tara city served as Mullah.
He studied since the age of seven, received his primary education from a teacher Zeinalbashir, and at the age of 10 he studied in the madrasa of the Almenevo village. At the age of 17, he became an orphan and left for the Tyumen city where he continued his studies at the Yana Avyl Madrasa, and then, at the Madrasa of the Qışqar village (now in the Arsky District of Tatarstan.
In 1878–1879, he was a teacher in the Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire).
In 1879–1885, he continued his education in Medina, Mecca, and Istanbul.
He returned to Russia in 1885. From 1885, he served as the imam-khatib of the cathedral mosque in Tara, where he was also a mudarris of madrasa. In 1892–1894, he served as the qadi of the Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly.
In his youth, A. Ibragimov adhered to the Jadid ideas. A. Ibrahimov, who led the anti-czarist propaganda work from the Pan-Islamism standpoint among the Muslims of Russia, set as its goal the liberation of all Muslim peoples from any kind of colonial oppression by the “infidels”. In this situation, Japan, a longtime rival of Russia in the Far East - like the Ottoman Empire in the west - was a natural ally of the Pan-Islamists. Japan's rapid industrial ascension fascinated him - as did for the many others anti-imperialist-minded nationalists of the East. Counting on creating a united anti-Russian Muslim front of action, Ibragimov visited the Ottoman Empire in 1897.
In 1897–1900 travels from Istanbul to Egypt, Palestine and Hejaz, then to France, Italy, Austria, Serbia, Bulgaria. Through the south of Russia to the Caucasus, along the Caspian coast to Bukhara, Turkestan, Semirechye region. Siberian caravan route returns to Tara.
In 1898, he was entitled to participate at the election of the public members of the Tara Town Council for the second four years term for 1898–1902.
Since 1900 in Saint Petersburg, in its printing house, in Chagatai language have been published the magazine “Миръат” (Mirror; 1900–1903, 1907–1909, only 22 editions have been published), the newspaper “Өлфәт” (Friendship; 1905-1907 which circulations reaches 4,000 copies), the magazine “Нәҗат” (“Salvation; 1907) and in Arabic, the newspaper «әт‑Тилмиз» ( “The Pupil”; 1906–1907).
In 1902, he was entitled to participate at the elections of the public members of the Tara Town Council for the third four-year term for 1902–1906.
In 1902, Ibragimov, becoming an uncomfortable figure for Turkey, received the order from Sultan Abdul-Hamid II to leave the Ottoman Empire. In 1902–1903, he visited Japan for the first time, where he participated in anti-Russian propaganda. In this regard, Ibragimov, at the request of the Russian consul in Japan, was expelled from the country. Arriving in Istanbul in 1904, he was arrested, handed over to the Russian consul, and sent under guard to Odessa. At the turn of 1905-1906 Ibrahimov was released. Being the former board member of the Muslim community of Orenburg, he became one of the leaders of the Ittifaq al-Muslimin movement and the organizer of several Muslim congresses. At the First All-Russian Muslim Congress in Nizhny Novgorod, A. Ibragimov's main rival was Ayaz Ishaki.
1905-1907 - member of the central committee of the Muslim party Ittifaq al-Muslimin (Union of The Muslims).
In his book Alem-i İslâm, Abdur-Reshid Ibrahim defended Siddiq Hasan Khan (Nawab of Bhopal) from his detractors saying that; Khan was a pious Muslim whose enemies only hated him because he forbade them from the worship of stones and graves.
Trip to China
Abdurresid visited China in 1909. He stayed there from June to September trying to learn more about Chinese Muslims. He developed an amicable relationship with Wang Kuan, an Ahong at the Oxen Street Mosque in Beijing, though he was critical of Wang Kuan's Arabic skills.
Return to Japan
When Ibrahim returned to Japan in 1933, he began building a mosque in 1934, which is today known as the Tokyo Mosque, which promotes the harmony and unity of Japan's Islamic societies.
Abdürreşid İbrahim established a dialogue with the leading people of the society such as statesman, soldier and journalist in Japan and enable many of them meet Islam.
In his presentations, he tried to convey the essence of religion by using a simple and clear style. Japanese who he is in relation with, presented kind reception towards him and also some of those accepted Islam.
Ibrahim died 78 years ago on Aug. 17, 1944, and was buried in Tokyo's Tama Cemetery.
Ibrahim is remembered by Muslim communities on the anniversaries of his birth and death. (ILKHA)
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